Small Printing Presses W. Portable printing presses for office use. Kelsey began producing small presses in The Briar Press website briarpress. Broadside distributed at Centennial Exposition. Trade card, Warshaw Collection. Amateur printing presses. William Tuttle and Benjamin O.
Woods produced small presses in Boston by The company was acquired by Kelsey in Trade card; Official Catalogue, Dept V, p. Hotel annunciators, electric bells. Cornish, Philadelphia, PA. Electric annunciators, bell calls. Cornish subsequently founded the first telephone exchange in Philadelphia. Boston, MA. It attracted less notice than the packages of magic tricks on sale nearby.
The top photo to the right shows Bell speaking into a telephone and the bottom shows the telephone receiver, both from the Centennial Exhibition. Boettinger, The Telephone Book , , pp. Communications Equipment: Telegraph Thomas A. Edison's American Automatic Telegraph and duplex telegraph; Roman letter, etheric, domestic, and quadraplex telegraph. Edison's Automatic Telegraph was completed in and was recommended by Lord Kelvin for an award at the Centennial Exposition.
Edison's Automatic Telegraph Lawrence A. Frost, The Thomas A. Edison Album , , p. Learner's telegraph, telegraph sounders. Learner's Telegraph Ingram, p. Magneto-printing and dial telegraph instruments. In the case of the magneto-printing telegraph, "As the words are spelled out on the keys they are printed on a strip of paper.
Western Union Telegraph Co. Quadruplex electric telegraph and Phelps printing telegraph. Scientific American , Gray's automatic printer or printing telegraph. Ingram, p. Elisha Gray, Chicago, IL. Electro-harmonic telegraph, including apparatus for transmitting eight or more messages simultaneously. William J.
Philips, Philadelphia, PA. Printing telegraph instrument, combining the bell, dial, and printing telegraph in one instrument. Duplex and Morse telegraph. Alphabetical telegraph instruments. Computing telegraph. William B.
Watkins, New York, NY. Duplex telegraph. Electro-harmonic telegraph. Samuel S. White, Philadelphia, PA. Standard Laundry Machinery Co. Telegraph copying machine. Writing Machines: Typographic Machine Dr. Shiland, West Troy, NY. American Typographic machine.
Patented However, a recreation of the exhibition at the Smithsonian in the early s included a Writing Ball, so it may have been exhibited. ETCetera , No. Alissoff, St. Petersburg, Russia. Type-writer, a. Alisoff, a Russian inventor, exhibited an admirable type-writer, which excels all contrivances of its kind, in the variety of characters that can be used and in the neatness of the impression, and the mechanical adjustment, but does not admit of the rapidity of the American machines exhibited.
An example was exhibited at the Philadelphia Exhibit in where it competed with the recently introduced Sholes and Glidden model made by Remington. It won this particular competition, receiving eloquent commendation in the official reports for the beauty of its construction and design while the American machine, which was crude by comparison, was not even mentioned. History can make judges look foolish and one can only assume that they were swayed by the superior quality of the construction since the details of the design were somewhat clumsy and anachronistic.
The letters of the alphabet, upper and lower case, were displayed on a circular index and selected by means of a handle attached to a type wheel. John Pratt, Centre, AL. The Pratt typewriter model in the photo to the right, which is from Mares , p. For a discussions of Pratt's typewriters, see G. Mares, The History of the Typewriter , , pp. Sholes and Glidden typewriter. This may have appeared in the exhibit of John W. Bain, Philadelphia, PA, who offered a typewriter described as follows: "Typewriter: supercedes the pen, faster, manifolds, keys like a piano.
One of these letters is pictured to the right. Calculating machine. According to a Tribune exhibit catalog, the Grant difference engine was used to construct large mathematical tables, such as tables of logarithms, and prepared a mould stamped in wax from which an electrotype printing plate was made.
The machine, which was presented to the Univ. According to IBM, "Grant invented his first calculator in and exhibited it at the Centennial Exhibition. It was eight feet long and five feet high, weighed 2, pounds, and had 15, parts. A later calculating machine invented by Grant is illustrated in Manufacturer and Builder , Sept. To see our discussion of Grant's smaller calculating machines, click here and scoll down.
Free Library of Philadelphia; Phillip T. See also Official Catalogue, Dept V, p. Desks and Cabinets Elizabeth W. Combination desk and book-case, patented in Stiles won a first prize for this item. When folded, the item was 18" deep, 6' wide, and 7' high. When unfolded, there were tilting tables, inkpots, closets, drawers, racks, 26 pigeon holes, and a wastebasket. The items seems to have been designed for homes rather than offices.
Wooton Desk Co. Schafer, Wood County, WV. Patent office desks. Business desks. Patent adjustable desks cylinder, tambour, and slant-top and business cabinets for private and general offices. An advertisement offers variations of the desk pictured to the right for sitting, for standing, and for which the writing surface could be adjusted to any height for sitting or standing.
The illustrations to the right show Desk No. These are the earliest American-made office desks that we are aware of with pull-down tambour covers. For illustrations that show Desk No. Office and bank furniture, cylinder and other office desks;. Its Cabinet Letter Files were awarded a medal at the exhibition. They were exhibited by W. Adams, New York, NY, general agent. Copy press stand with water bowl attached.
Matthew de Bock, Boston, MA. Patent Champion Fire-Proof Safes; also locks. Silas C. Herring began producing fire proof Salamander safes in New York City in Herring safes won awards in London in and Paris in In , Herring claimed to have manufactured over 30, safes since For a discussion of early Herring safes, click here.
Hall's Burglar Proof Safes. Joseph L. The company sold 50, of its safes by , when it was producing 15 to 20 a day. Marvin Safe Co. Fire and burglar-proof safes. The Marvin Safe Co. Fire and burglar proof safes and vaults. Johannes Watson made iron chests and safes after the Civil War. Other suppliers of safes: L.
Miller, Baltimore, MD; M. Louis, MO; C. Passenger elevators, steam elevators. All material on the Early Office Museum web site is copyrighted. All rights are reserved. First, you must not plagiarize our material.
Plagiarism is the act of passing off as your own the words, photographs, or other work of someone else. That is, not giving appropriate credit. Second, you must not violate our copyright, which means you may not use any images or text from the Early Office Museum web site in publications, in direct mailing material, on web sites, in auction listings, or anywhere else without written permission from the Curator.
In some cases, images belong to someone else, and we cannot give permission. If you make a non-infringing use of information from this web site, please cite the Early Office Museum and provide a link or our web address www. If you believe that we have not given appropriate credit for your work or have violated your copyright, please email the curator so we can resolve the matter. Paper, Ledgers and Blank Books. Ingram, The Centennial Exposition , , p.
Norton, ed. Ledgers for banks, bank ledger's spring book patented in , patent safety tinted check paper. William F. Murphy's Sons, Philadelphia, PA. Blank books and copying books. This company was in business from until at least Free Library of Philadelphia; Norton, p.
Other suppliers of blank books: R. Mann, Philadelphia, PA also copying paper ; J. Official Catalogue, Dept II, pp. Small Filing Devices. Amberg file and binder, ad. Paperweights from Centennial Exhibition, Liberty Bell Memorial Hall.
Writing Implements and Accessories: Lead Pencils. Eagle Pencil Co. Dixon Crucible Co. Writing Implements and Accessories: Pencil Sharpeners. Writing Implements and Accessories: Writing Inks. Adrien Maurin Inks both trade cards. Mucilage and Paste. Paper Fasteners. George W. Mailing Equipment. John Goldsborough, Philadelphia, PA. Copying Equipment: Copying Presses.
Lever copying presses. Illustrated in Publishers" Weekly , July 1, , at pp. Copying Equipment: Manifold Writers. Copying Equipment: Stencil and Hektograph Duplicators. Thomas A. Hektograph gelatin copier. Small Printing Presses. Benjamin O. Model Printing Press. Communications Equipment: Electric Bells and Annuciators. Communications Equipment: Telephone.
Alexander Graham Bell. For the first time, the Library Bureau's catalog includes a Vertical Filing Cabinet, which was designed for storing letters. The catalog states: "This practical construction, [was] first used in card catalog cabinets. This file is designed for letters, pamphlets, These vertical filing cabinets apparently used technology that was patented or licensed by the Library Bureau beginning in , but that technology was probably developed for card catalogs.
We reviewed many illustrated catalogs and ads from the s showing filing cabinets made by various manufactures. We also reviewed numerous photos of office interiors from the s. None of these catalogs, ads, or photos showed or mentioned vertical filing cabinets. After extensive searching, the earliest evidence we have found of a vertical filing cabinet being marketed is the Library Bureau catalog cited in the preceding paragraph.
Other companies began to advertise vertical filing cabinets in see below. A large number of companies were advertising vertical files in Yates reports that, according to a report by a government commission, by "vertical flat filing [had] practically supplanted all other systems" in the large companies it investigated.
See also Flanzraich. Steel vertical files were advertised by Art Metal Construction Co. Library Bureau, patent dates Transfer Filing Cabinet At the end of each year, offices often moved filed papers to "transfer filing cabinets" in storage areas to make room in the primary filing cabinets for papers to be filed during the coming year.
Transfer filing cabinets were more cheaply made than the primary filing cabinets, as the advertisement to the right illustrates. Vertical filing cabinets, Regular left and transfer right , Globe-Wernicke. This company was founded in Courtesy of the Museum of Business History and Technology. Allsteel File, General Fireproofing Co. Wells Mfg. Files occupied thousands of cubic feet. Visible Index of Files, Mrs.
The following year, several firms tried it, and the Library Bureau.. All material on the Early Office Museum web site is copyrighted. All rights are reserved. First, you must not plagiarize our material. Plagiarism is the act of passing off as your own the words, photographs, or other work of someone else. That is, not giving appropriate credit. Second, you must not violate our copyright, which means you may not use any images or text from the Early Office Museum web site in publications, in direct mailing material, on web sites, in auction listings, or anywhere else without written permission from the Curator.
In some cases, images belong to someone else, and we cannot give permission. If you make a non-infringing use of information from this web site, please cite the Early Office Museum and provide a link or our web address www. If you believe that we have not given appropriate credit for your work or have violated your copyright, please email the curator so we can resolve the matter.
Early Filing Cabinets. Letter Filing Cabinet Letter Filing Cabinets have file drawers in which papers were stored horizontally, that is, lying flat. Drawers contained metal devices to hold papers in place as well as alphabetical dividers, e.
The metal devices in some of its drawers bear an patent date. In , 1, firms were using its cabinets. Shortly thereafter, its letter filing cabinets had patent dates from to Globe Files Co. Globe advertised letter files of this type by Amberg Patent Cabinet Letter File. This particular cabinet was in use by The Globe File. This cabinet was in use in Document Filing Cabinet During the 19th century, documents particularly legal documents were often folded twice before being stored on edge with the flat portions of the papers parallel to the fronts of the drawers.
Document filing cabinet, National Office Furniture, M. Earliest advertisement Globe Combination or Sectional File. Pigeonhole Filing Cabinet Cabinets with open pigeon holes appear in a painting of a notary's office and a image of a Wells Fargo office.
Vertical Filing Cabinet The earliest advertisement we have found for a filing cabinet for storing unfolded letters in a vertical position is in the Library Bureau catalog. For the image of a vertical filing cabinet from the Library Bureau catalog, click on the following link and scroll down one page to page Image of Vertical File Steel vertical files were advertised by Art Metal Construction Co.
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